CVE-2022-23221

Exp

H2 Console before 2.1.210 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a jdbc:h2:mem JDBC URL containing the IGNORE_UNKNOWN_SETTINGS=TRUE;FORBID_CREATION=FALSE;INIT=RUNSCRIPT substring, a different vulnerability than CVE-2021-42392.

Published: 2022-01-19 Last update: 2025-05-05 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2022-23221 is rated High Exploit Risk (88.1/100): CVSS Critical severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 26.57%, 96th percentile). 3 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2022-23221

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2022-23221

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-04 26.39% 26.57% +0.18%
2 2026-03-01 26.57% 26.39% -0.18%
3 2026-02-04 — 26.57% —

Full EPSS history (71 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2022-23221

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
10.0 2.0 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:C)
Complete confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:C)
Complete integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:C)
Complete availability impact.
 10.0 10.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2022-23221

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2022-23221

GHSA-45hx-wfhj-473x · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: maven — Arbitrary code execution in H2 Console

OS Trackers for CVE-2022-23221

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2022-23221 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (h2database), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-23221
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2022-23221
ubuntu medium CVE-2022-23221 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (h2database), 12 status rows across 12 suites (bionic, focal, hirsute, impish, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, trusty, upstream, xenial): released 6, ignored 4, not-affected 2. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2022-23221

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2022-23221

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
h2database h2 >= 1.1.100, < 2.0.206 cpe:2.3:a:h2database:h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 9.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 10.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 11.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle communications_cloud_native_core_console 1.9.0 cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_console:1.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2022-23221

URL Tags
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/165676/H2-Database-Console-Remote-Code-Execution.html Exploit Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Jan/39 Exploit Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/h2database/h2database/releases/tag/version-2.1.210 Patch Release Notes Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/h2database/h2database/security/advisories Mitigation Patch Third Party Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00017.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230818-0011/
https://twitter.com/d0nkey_man/status/1483824727936450564 Exploit Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5076 Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html Patch Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html Not Applicable
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