CVE-2025-27423 [High] | Code Injection in Vim

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Vim is distributed with the tar.vim plugin, that allows easy editing and viewing of (compressed or uncompressed) tar files. Starting with 9.1.0858, the tar.vim plugin uses the ":read" ex command line to append below the cursor position, however the is not sanitized and is taken literally from the tar archive. This allows to execute shell commands via special crafted tar archives. Whether this really happens, depends on the shell being used ('shell' option, which is set using $SHELL). The issue has been fixed as of Vim patch v9.1.1164

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-04-12	1.62%	2.08%	+0.46%
2	2026-04-11	0.95%	1.62%	+0.67%
3	2026-01-31	—	0.95%	—

Date

Old EPSS score

New EPSS score

Delta (New - Old)

2026-04-12

1.62%

2.08%

+0.46%

2026-04-11

0.95%

1.62%

+0.67%

2026-01-31

—

0.95%

—

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
7.1	3.1	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:L) They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:R) A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	1.8	5.2	[email protected]

Base score

Version

Severity

Vector

Exploitability

Impact

Score source

7.1

3.1

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:L): They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N): No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R): A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N): Service keeps running; no real outage angle.

1.8

5.2

[email protected]

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-27423

vendor	priority	summary	link
`alpine`	—	CVE-2025-27423: 1 source package rows (vim); 215 state rows across 5 repos (3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, edge-main); fixed 2, open 213.	https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-27423
`debian`	unimportant	CVE-2025-27423 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (vim), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5.	https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-27423
`redhat`	medium	—	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-27423
`suse`	high	CVE-2025-27423 severity important: SUSE including 6 source package names (gvim, vim, vim-data, vim-data-common, vim-small, xxd), 155 product×package rows across 37 product lines (SLES-LTSS-TERADATA 15 SP2, SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS, … (37 product lines)): Known Not Affected 155.	https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-27423/
`ubuntu`	medium	CVE-2025-27423 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (vim), 8 status rows across 8 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, trusty, upstream, xenial): not-affected 7, released 1.	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-27423

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-27423

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
vim	vim	>= 9.1.0858, < 9.1.1164	cpe:2.3:a:vim:vim::::::::
netapp	hci_compute_node	—	cpe:2.3:h:netapp:hci_compute_node:-:::::::*

References for CVE-2025-27423

URL	Tags
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/129a8446d23cd9cb4445fcfea259cba5e0487d29	Patch
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/334a13bff78aa0ad206bc436885f63e3a0bab399	Patch
https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-wfmf-8626-q3r3	Vendor Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250502-0002/	Third Party Advisory

URL

CVE-2025-27423 | Improper Input Validation in Vim

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-27423

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-27423

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-27423

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-27423

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-27423

References for CVE-2025-27423