CVE-2012-4399

Exp

The Xml class in CakePHP 2.1.x before 2.1.5 and 2.2.x before 2.2.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via XML data containing external entity references, aka an XML external entity (XXE) injection attack.

Published: 2012-10-09 Last update: 2026-04-29 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2012-4399 is rated High Exploit Risk (76.3/100): CVSS High severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 22.66%, 96th percentile). 3 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2012-4399

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
19863 exploit_db edb 2012-07-16 Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2012-4399

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-10 24.92% 22.66% -2.26%
2 2026-02-02 26.82% 24.92% -1.91%
3 2026-02-01 — 26.82% —

Full EPSS history (24 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2012-4399

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]
5.0 2.0 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:P)
Partial confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:N)
No integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:N)
No availability impact.
 10.0 2.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2012-4399

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2012-4399

GHSA-5964-pq8r-4q62 · Severity: high · Ecosystem: composer — CakePHPallows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via XML data containing external entity references

OS Trackers for CVE-2012-4399

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2012-4399 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (cakephp), 1 status rows across 1 suites (bullseye): resolved 1. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2012-4399
ubuntu medium CVE-2012-4399 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (cakephp), 6 status rows across 6 suites (hardy, lucid, natty, oneiric, precise, upstream): not-affected 6. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2012-4399

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2012-4399

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
cakefoundation cakephp >= 2.1.0, < 2.1.5 cpe:2.3:a:cakefoundation:cakephp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cakefoundation cakephp >= 2.2.0, < 2.2.1 cpe:2.3:a:cakefoundation:cakephp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2012-4399

cvelogic Threat Intelligence