CVE-2013-2251

Exp

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1) action:, (2) redirect:, or (3) redirectAction: prefix.

Published: 2013-07-20 Last update: 2026-04-22 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2013-2251 is rated Critical Active Threat (100/100): CVSS Critical severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 100.00%, 100th percentile). CISA KEV confirms active exploitation (added 2022-03-25) affecting Apache / Struts. a weakness (CWE-74) Unauthenticated remote administrative access may be possible. EPSS rose +5.67% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. The CISA remediation deadline has passed—treat as an emergency patch priority.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

CISA KEV Record for CVE-2013-2251

Name: Apache Struts Improper Input Validation Vulnerability · CISA KEV detail

Exploit added: 2022-03-25

Action due: 2022-04-15

Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2013-2251

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
44583 exploit_db edb 2014-01-14 Exploit-DB ↗
27135 exploit_db edb 2013-07-27 Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2013-2251

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 94.33% 100.00% +5.67%
2 2025-11-25 94.23% 94.33% +0.10%
3 2025-06-28 — 94.23% —

Full EPSS history (10 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2013-2251

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
9.3 2.0 HIGH
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:M)
Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:C)
Complete confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:C)
Complete integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:C)
Complete availability impact.
 8.6 10.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2013-2251

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2013-2251

GHSA-47qp-8v9g-39hp · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: maven — Code injection in Apache Struts

OS Trackers for CVE-2013-2251

vendor priority summary link
ubuntu medium CVE-2013-2251 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (libstruts1.2-java), 5 status rows across 5 suites (lucid, precise, quantal, raring, upstream): not-affected 5. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2013-2251

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2013-2251

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
apache archiva >= 1.3, < 1.3.8 cpe:2.3:a:apache:archiva:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache archiva 1.2 cpe:2.3:a:apache:archiva:1.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache archiva 1.2.2 cpe:2.3:a:apache:archiva:1.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache struts >= 2.0.0, <= 2.3.15 cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fujitsu interstage_business_process_manager_analytics 12.0 cpe:2.3:a:fujitsu:interstage_business_process_manager_analytics:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fujitsu interstage_business_process_manager_analytics 12.1 cpe:2.3:a:fujitsu:interstage_business_process_manager_analytics:12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle siebel_apps_-_e-billing 6.1 cpe:2.3:a:oracle:siebel_apps_-_e-billing:6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle siebel_apps_-_e-billing 6.1.1 cpe:2.3:a:oracle:siebel_apps_-_e-billing:6.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle siebel_apps_-_e-billing 6.2 cpe:2.3:a:oracle:siebel_apps_-_e-billing:6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2013-2251

URL Tags
http://archiva.apache.org/security.html Product
http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2014010087 Exploit Third Party Advisory
http://osvdb.org/98445 Broken Link
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159629/Apache-Struts-2-Remote-Code-Execution.html Exploit Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2013/Oct/96 Exploit Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q1/89 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-016.html Patch
http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20131023-struts2 Third Party Advisory
http://www.fujitsu.com/global/support/software/security/products-f/interstage-bpm-analytics-201301e.html Third Party Advisory Broken Link
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujan2014-1972949.html Patch Third Party Advisory
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujul2015-2367936.html Patch Third Party Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/61189 Broken Link Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/64758 Broken Link Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029184 Broken Link Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032916 Broken Link Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/90392 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2013-2251 US Government Resource
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