GHSA-6jvm-3j5h-79f6 · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: rubygems — paperclip Cross-site Scripting vulnerability
The thoughtbot paperclip gem before 4.2.2 for Ruby does not consider the content-type value during media-type validation, which allows remote attackers to upload HTML documents and conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via a spoofed value, as demonstrated by image/jpeg.
Conclusion & alert: CVE-2015-2963 is rated High Exploit Risk (61.6/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 2.12%). Core evidence: 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). EPSS rose +1.64% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Mandatory action: Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.
Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.
| EDB-ID | Source | Kind | Published | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | nvd_ref | exploit_tag | Exploit-DB ↗ |
EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).
| # | Date | Old EPSS score | New EPSS score | Delta (New - Old) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2026-06-15 | 0.48% | 2.12% | +1.64% |
| 2 | 2025-06-01 | 0.57% | 0.48% | -0.09% |
| 3 | 2025-03-30 | — | 0.57% | — |
Full EPSS history (8 records total)
CVSS metrics for this CVE.
| Base score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability | Impact | Score source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.3 | 2.0 | MEDIUM |
|
8.6 | 2.9 | [email protected] |
GHSA-6jvm-3j5h-79f6 · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: rubygems — paperclip Cross-site Scripting vulnerability
| Vendor | Product | Version | Raw CPE |
|---|---|---|---|
| thoughtbot | paperclip | <= 4.2.1 | cpe:2.3:a:thoughtbot:paperclip:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:* |
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN83881261/index.html | Vendor Advisory |
| http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2015-000088 | Vendor Advisory |
| http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/19/3 | Vendor Advisory |
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/75304 | |
| https://github.com/thoughtbot/paperclip/commit/9aee4112f36058cd28d5fe4a006d6981bd1eda57 | Exploit Vendor Advisory |
| https://robots.thoughtbot.com/paperclip-security-release | Vendor Advisory |