CVE-2016-1232

The mod_dialback module in Prosody before 0.9.9 does not properly generate random values for the secret token for server-to-server dialback authentication, which makes it easier for attackers to spoof servers via a brute force attack.

Published: 2016-01-12 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2016-1232 is rated Moderate Risk (59.5/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 2.18%). EPSS rose +1.47% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2016-1232

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.71% 2.18% +1.47%
2 2025-03-30 1.06% 0.71% -0.35%
3 2025-03-29 — 1.06% —

Full EPSS history (6 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2016-1232

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.0 HIGH
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]
5.0 2.0 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:P)
Partial confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:N)
No integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:N)
No availability impact.
 10.0 2.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2016-1232

OS Trackers for CVE-2016-1232

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2016-1232 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (prosody), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-1232
ubuntu medium CVE-2016-1232 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (prosody), 8 status rows across 8 suites (precise, trusty, upstream, vivid, wily, xenial, yakkety, zesty): released 4, not-affected 3, ignored 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2016-1232

NVD evaluator notes for CVE-2016-1232

Comment: <a href="https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/338.html">CWE-338: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)</a>

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2016-1232

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
prosody prosody <= 0.9.8 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.0 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.1 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.2 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.3 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.4 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.5 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.6 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
prosody prosody 0.9.7 cpe:2.3:a:prosody:prosody:0.9.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fedoraproject fedora 22 cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fedoraproject fedora 23 cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:23:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 7.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 8.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2016-1232

cvelogic Threat Intelligence