CVE-2016-4997

Exp

The compat IPT_SO_SET_REPLACE and IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE setsockopt implementations in the netfilter subsystem in the Linux kernel before 4.6.3 allow local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) by leveraging in-container root access to provide a crafted offset value that triggers an unintended decrement.

Published: 2016-07-03 Last update: 2026-05-06 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2016-4997 is rated High Exploit Risk (78.5/100): CVSS High severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 5.49%, 90th percentile). 4 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2016-4997

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
40489 exploit_db edb 2016-10-10 Exploit-DB ↗
40435 exploit_db edb 2016-09-27 Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2016-4997

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-20 4.79% 5.49% +0.70%
2 2026-04-17 6.37% 4.79% -1.57%
3 2025-12-03 — 6.37% —

Full EPSS history (14 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2016-4997

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 5.9 [email protected]
7.2 2.0 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C Click to expand
Access vector (AV:L)
Requires local access to the target system.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:C)
Complete confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:C)
Complete integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:C)
Complete availability impact.
 3.9 10.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2016-4997

OS Trackers for CVE-2016-4997

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2016-4997 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (linux), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-4997
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-4997
suse high CVE-2016-4997 severity important: SUSE including 280 source package names (cluster-md-kmp-rt-4.4.74-7.10.1, cluster-network-kmp-rt-4.4.74-7.10.1, …), 717 product×package rows across 94 product lines (HPE Helion OpenStack 8, SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0, … (94 product lines)): Fixed 441, Known Not Affected 276. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-4997/
ubuntu high CVE-2016-4997 high priority: Ubuntu including 32 source packages (linux, linux-armadaxp, …), 239 status rows across 8 suites (artful, precise, trusty, upstream, wily, xenial, yakkety, zesty): DNE 159, released 43, not-affected 19, ignored 18. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2016-4997

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2016-4997

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
linux linux_kernel >= 2.6.17, < 3.2.80 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 3.3, < 3.10.103 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 3.11, < 3.12.62 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 3.13, < 3.14.73 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 3.15, < 3.16.37 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 3.17, < 3.18.37 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 3.19, < 4.1.28 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 4.2, < 4.4.14 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 4.5, < 4.6.3 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
canonical ubuntu_linux 12.04 cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:12.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*
canonical ubuntu_linux 14.04 cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:14.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*
canonical ubuntu_linux 15.10 cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:15.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
canonical ubuntu_linux 16.04 cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_software_development_kit 12.0 cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_software_development_kit:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_software_development_kit 12.0 cpe:2.3:a:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_software_development_kit:12.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_desktop 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_desktop:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_desktop 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_desktop:12.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_live_patching 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_live_patching:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_module_for_public_cloud 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_module_for_public_cloud:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_real_time_extension 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_real_time_extension:12.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_server 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_server:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_server 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_server:12.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_workstation_extension 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_workstation_extension:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
novell suse_linux_enterprise_workstation_extension 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:novell:suse_linux_enterprise_workstation_extension:12.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle linux 7 cpe:2.3:o:oracle:linux:7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 8.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2016-4997

URL Tags
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ce683e5f9d045e5d67d1312a42b359cb2ab2a13c Vendor Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00060.html Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00061.html Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00000.html Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00007.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00027.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00044.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00048.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00050.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00051.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00052.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00053.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00054.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00055.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1847.html Third Party Advisory
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1875.html Third Party Advisory
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-1883.html Third Party Advisory
http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3607 Third Party Advisory
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.6.3 Vendor Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/06/24/5 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/29/10 Exploit Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinjul2016-3090544.html Third Party Advisory
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinoct2016-3090545.html Third Party Advisory
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/ovmbulletinoct2016-3090547.html Third Party Advisory
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91451 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036171 Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3016-1 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3016-2 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3016-3 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3016-4 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3017-1 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3017-2 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3017-3 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3018-1 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3018-2 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3019-1 Third Party Advisory
http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3020-1 Third Party Advisory
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1349722 Issue Tracking Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/nccgroup/TriforceLinuxSyscallFuzzer/tree/master/crash_reports/report_compatIpt Exploit Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/ce683e5f9d045e5d67d1312a42b359cb2ab2a13c Patch Third Party Advisory
https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05347541 Third Party Advisory
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40435/ Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40489/ Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
cvelogic Threat Intelligence