CVE-2017-12973

Nimbus JOSE+JWT before 4.39 proceeds improperly after detection of an invalid HMAC in authenticated AES-CBC decryption, which allows attackers to conduct a padding oracle attack.

Published: 2017-08-20 Last update: 2026-06-16 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2017-12973 is rated Low Risk (28.6/100): CVSS Low severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.64%). Mandatory action: Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2017-12973

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.33% 0.64% +0.30%
2 2026-06-07 0.23% 0.33% +0.10%
3 2026-04-21 0.23%

Full EPSS history (12 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2017-12973

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
3.1 3.0 LOW
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
1.6 1.4 [email protected]
4.3 2.0 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:M)
Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:P)
Partial confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:N)
No integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:N)
No availability impact.
8.6 2.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2017-12973

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2017-12973

GHSA-jfmq-4g4m-99rh · Severity: low · Ecosystem: maven — Nimbus JOSE+JWT vulnerable to padding oracle attack

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2017-12973

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.3 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.4 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.5 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.6 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.7 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.8 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.9 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.9.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.10 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.11 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 1.12 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:1.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.0.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.1.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.3 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.4 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.5 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.6 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.7 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.8 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.9 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.10 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.10.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.10.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.11.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.12.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.13.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.13.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.14 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.15 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.15.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.15.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.15.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.16 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.17 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.17.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.17.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.17.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.17.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.18 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.18.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.18.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.18.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.18.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.19 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.19:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.19.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.19.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.20 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.21 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.21:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.22 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.22.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.22.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.23 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.23:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.24 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.25 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.26 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.26:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 2.26.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:2.26.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.1.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.1.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.2.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.2.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.3 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.4 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.5 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.6 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.7 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.8 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.8.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.8.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.9 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.9.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.9.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 3.10 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:3.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.0 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.0.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.1.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.2 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.3 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
connect2id nimbus_jose\+jwt 4.3.1 cpe:2.3:a:connect2id:nimbus_jose\+jwt:4.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2017-12973

cvelogic Threat Intelligence