CVE-2018-18651

Exp

An issue was discovered in Xpdf 4.00. catalog->getNumPages() in AcroForm.cc allows attackers to launch a denial of service (hang caused by large loop) via a specific pdf file, as demonstrated by pdftohtml. This is mainly caused by a large number after the /Count field in the file.

Published: 2018-10-25 Last update: 2026-06-16 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2018-18651 is rated Exploit Available (57.2/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.92%). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2018-18651

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2018-18651

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.18% 0.92% +0.74%
2 2025-03-17 0.05% 0.18% +0.13%
3 2024-04-25 — 0.05% —

Full EPSS history (7 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2018-18651

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.5 3.0 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 3.6 [email protected]
4.3 2.0 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:M)
Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:N)
No confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:N)
No integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:P)
Partial availability impact.
 8.6 2.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2018-18651

OS Trackers for CVE-2018-18651

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2018-18651 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (xpdf), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2018-18651
suse low CVE-2018-18651 severity low: SUSE including 17 source package names (libpoppler-cpp0, libpoppler-devel, …), 59 product×package rows across 16 product lines (SLES for SAP Applications 11 SP3, SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP3, … (16 product lines)): Known Not Affected 59. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-18651/
ubuntu low CVE-2018-18651 low priority: Ubuntu including 4 source packages (ipe, libextractor, poppler, xpdf), 76 status rows across 19 suites (bionic, cosmic, disco, eoan, focal, groovy, hirsute, impish, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): not-affected 45, ignored 18, needs-triage 8, DNE 5. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2018-18651

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2018-18651

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
xpdfreader xpdf 4.00 cpe:2.3:a:xpdfreader:xpdf:4.00:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2018-18651

cvelogic Threat Intelligence