CVE-2019-12418

When Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.28, 8.5.0 to 8.5.47, 7.0.0 and 7.0.97 is configured with the JMX Remote Lifecycle Listener, a local attacker without access to the Tomcat process or configuration files is able to manipulate the RMI registry to perform a man-in-the-middle attack to capture user names and passwords used to access the JMX interface. The attacker can then use these credentials to access the JMX interface and gain complete control over the Tomcat instance.

Published: 2019-12-23 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2019-12418 is rated Moderate Risk (51.4/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.22%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2019-12418

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.48% 1.22% +0.74%
2 2026-05-29 0.36% 0.48% +0.13%
3 2026-05-26 — 0.36% —

Full EPSS history (48 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2019-12418

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.0 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.0 5.9 [email protected]
4.4 2.0 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P Click to expand
Access vector (AV:L)
Requires local access to the target system.
Access complexity (AC:M)
Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:P)
Partial confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:P)
Partial integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:P)
Partial availability impact.
 3.4 6.4 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2019-12418

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2019-12418

GHSA-hh3j-x4mc-g48r · Severity: high · Ecosystem: maven — Insufficiently Protected Credentials in Apache Tomcat

OS Trackers for CVE-2019-12418

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2019-12418 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (tomcat9), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2019-12418
gentoo normal CVE-2019-12418: 1 GLSA(s) (202003-43), 1 atom(s) (www-servers/tomcat); latest impact normal. https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2019-12418
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-12418
suse high CVE-2019-12418 severity important: SUSE including 342 source package names (amazon/suse-sles-15-sp1-chost-byos-v20210304-hvm-ssd-x86_64, amazon/suse-sles-15-sp1-chost-byos-v20220127-hvm-ssd-x86_64, …), 535 product×package rows across 32 product lines (HPE Helion OpenStack 8, SUSE Enterprise Storage 5, … (32 product lines)): Fixed 290, Known Affected 231, Known Not Affected 14. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-12418/
ubuntu medium CVE-2019-12418 medium priority: Ubuntu including 3 source packages (tomcat7, tomcat8, tomcat9), 54 status rows across 18 suites (bionic, disco, eoan, focal, groovy, hirsute, impish, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 31, not-affected 12, needed 5, released 4, ignored 2. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2019-12418

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2019-12418

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
apache tomcat >= 7.0.0, <= 7.0.97 cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache tomcat >= 8.5.0, <= 8.5.47 cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache tomcat >= 9.0.0, <= 9.0.28 cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 8.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 9.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 10.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle workload_manager 12.2.0.1 cpe:2.3:a:oracle:workload_manager:12.2.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle workload_manager 18c cpe:2.3:a:oracle:workload_manager:18c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
oracle workload_manager 19c cpe:2.3:a:oracle:workload_manager:19c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
canonical ubuntu_linux 16.04 cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04:*:*:*:esm:*:*:*
opensuse leap 15.1 cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
netapp oncommand_system_manager >= 3.0.0, <= 3.1.3 cpe:2.3:a:netapp:oncommand_system_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2019-12418

URL Tags
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-01/msg00013.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/43530b91506e2e0c11cfbe691173f5df8c48f51b98262426d7493b67%40%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E Mailing List Vendor Advisory
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb800a816d0a51eccc5a228c58736960a9fffafa581a225834d97d%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c1444845fe15a823e1374674bfc297d5008a5453788099ea14caf0%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4e849bc77df0840c7f853f6bd09d426f6741247da2b7429d5d9%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff5b13e4f1941360b5a309efee2c114a14855578c3a2cbe5d19c%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fabaf4d56d4325ab2aca8814f0b30a237ab83d8106b115ee279a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/01/msg00024.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/03/msg00029.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/43 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-43 Third Party Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200107-0001/ Third Party Advisory
https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K10107360?utm_source=f5support&amp%3Butm_medium=RSS
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4251-1/ Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4596 Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4680 Third Party Advisory
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html Patch Third Party Advisory
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