CVE-2019-12662 | Cisco NX-OS and IOS XE Software Virtual Service Image Signature Bypass Vulnerability

A vulnerability in Cisco NX-OS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker with valid administrator or privilege level 15 credentials to load a virtual service image and bypass signature verification on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper signature verification during the installation of an Open Virtual Appliance (OVA) image. An authenticated, local attacker could exploit this vulnerability and load a malicious, unsigned OVA image on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to perform code execution on a crafted software OVA image.

Published: 2019-09-25 Last update: 2026-06-16 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2019-12662 is rated Low Risk (34.7/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.30%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2019-12662

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.04% 0.30% +0.26%
2 2023-03-07 1.04% 0.04% -0.99%
3 2022-04-01 — 1.04% —

Full EPSS history (6 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2019-12662

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.7 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 0.8 5.9 [email protected]
6.7 3.0 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 0.8 5.9 [email protected]
7.2 2.0 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C Click to expand
Access vector (AV:L)
Requires local access to the target system.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:C)
Complete confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:C)
Complete integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:C)
Complete availability impact.
 3.9 10.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2019-12662

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2019-12662

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
cisco ios_xe 16.8.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xe:16.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nx-os 8.1\(0.2\)s0 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nx-os:8.1\(0.2\)s0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nx-os 8.1\(1\) cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nx-os:8.1\(1\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nx-os 8.1\(1\)s5 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nx-os:8.1\(1\)s5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nx-os 8.1\(0\)bd\(0.20\) cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nx-os:8.1\(0\)bd\(0.20\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3016_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3016_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3048_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3048_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3064_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3064_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3064-t_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3064-t_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_31108pc-v_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_31108pc-v_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_31108tc-v_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_31108tc-v_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_31128pq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_31128pq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3132c-z_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3132c-z_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3132q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3132q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3132q-v_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3132q-v_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3132q-xl_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3132q-xl_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3164q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3164q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3172_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3172_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3172pq-xl_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3172pq-xl_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3172tq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3172tq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3172tq-32t_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3172tq-32t_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3172tq-xl_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3172tq-xl_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3232c_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3232c_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3264c-e_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3264c-e_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3264q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3264q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3408-s_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3408-s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_34180yc_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_34180yc_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_34200yc-sm_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_34200yc-sm_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3432d-s_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3432d-s_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3464c_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3464c_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3524_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3524_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3524-x_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3524-x_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3524-xl_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3524-xl_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3548_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3548_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3548-x_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3548-x_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_3548-xl_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_3548-xl_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5548p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5548p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5548up_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5548up_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5596t_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5596t_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5596up_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5596up_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_56128p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_56128p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5624q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5624q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5648q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5648q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5672up_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5672up_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_5696q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_5696q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_6001_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_6001_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_6004_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_6004_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7000_10-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7000_10-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7000_18-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7000_18-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7000_4-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7000_4-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7000_9-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7000_9-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7700_10-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7700_10-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7700_18-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7700_18-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7700_2-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7700_2-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco nexus_7700_6-slot_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:cisco:nexus_7700_6-slot_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2019-12662

cvelogic Threat Intelligence