CVE-2019-9495 | The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd and wpa_supplicant are vulnerable to side-channel attacks as a result of cache access patterns

The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd and wpa_supplicant are vulnerable to side-channel attacks as a result of cache access patterns. All versions of hostapd and wpa_supplicant with EAP-PWD support are vulnerable. The ability to install and execute applications is necessary for a successful attack. Memory access patterns are visible in a shared cache. Weak passwords may be cracked. Versions of hostapd/wpa_supplicant 2.7 and newer, are not vulnerable to the timing attack described in CVE-2019-9494. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.

Published: 2019-04-17 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2019-9495 is rated Moderate Risk (44.7/100): CVSS Low severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 5.19%, 90th percentile). EPSS ranks this CVE among the most likely to be exploited in the near term. High exploitation likelihood—assess exposure and prioritize remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2019-9495

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-10 6.88% 5.19% -1.69%
2 2026-05-29 6.20% 6.88% +0.68%
3 2026-05-22 — 6.20% —

Full EPSS history (41 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2019-9495

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
3.7 3.1 LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.2 1.4 [email protected]
4.3 2.0 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:M)
Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:P)
Partial confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:N)
No integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:N)
No availability impact.
 8.6 2.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2019-9495

OS Trackers for CVE-2019-9495

vendor priority summary link
alpine low CVE-2019-9495: 2 source package rows (hostapd, wpa_supplicant); 30 state rows across 10 repos (3.10-main, 3.11-main, 3.12-main, 3.17-main, 3.18-main, 3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, edge-main); fixed 15, open 15. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2019-9495
debian not yet assigned CVE-2019-9495 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (wpa), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2019-9495
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-9495
suse medium CVE-2019-9495 severity moderate: SUSE including 26 source package names (hostapd-2.9-6.2, hostapd-2.9-bp150.15.1, …), 81 product×package rows across 76 product lines (Container rancher/elemental-teal-rt/5.3, Container rancher/elemental-teal-rt/5.4, … (76 product lines)): Fixed 72, Known Not Affected 9. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-9495/
ubuntu medium CVE-2019-9495 medium priority: Ubuntu including 2 source packages (wpa, wpasupplicant), 12 status rows across 6 suites (bionic, cosmic, disco, trusty, upstream, xenial): released 6, DNE 5, needs-triage 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2019-9495

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2019-9495

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
w1.fi hostapd <= 2.7 cpe:2.3:a:w1.fi:hostapd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
w1.fi wpa_supplicant <= 2.7 cpe:2.3:a:w1.fi:wpa_supplicant:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fedoraproject fedora 28 cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fedoraproject fedora 29 cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:29:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fedoraproject fedora 30 cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:30:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
opensuse backports_sle 15.0 cpe:2.3:a:opensuse:backports_sle:15.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
opensuse backports_sle 15.0 cpe:2.3:a:opensuse:backports_sle:15.0:sp1:*:*:*:*:*:*
opensuse leap 15.1 cpe:2.3:o:opensuse:leap:15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
synology radius_server 3.0 cpe:2.3:a:synology:radius_server:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
synology router_manager < 1.2.3-8017 cpe:2.3:a:synology:router_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 8.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 11.2 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:11.2:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
freebsd freebsd 12.0 cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2019-9495

URL Tags
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00021.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152914/FreeBSD-Security-Advisory-FreeBSD-SA-19-03.wpa.html Third Party Advisory VDB Entry
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/07/msg00030.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/56OBBOJJSKRTDGEXZOVFSTP4HDSDBLAE/
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SVMJOFEYBGXZLFF5IOLW67SSOPKFEJP3/
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TDOZGR3T7FVO5JSZWK2QPR7AOFIEJTIZ/
https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/May/40 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-19:03.wpa.asc Third Party Advisory
https://w1.fi/security/2019-2/ Patch Vendor Advisory
https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_16 Third Party Advisory
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