CVE-2020-12512 [High] | XSS in Io-Link Master 4-Eip Firmware

CVE-2020-12512 is rated Moderate Risk (55.2/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.72%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2025-07-06	0.55%	0.72%	+0.17%
2	2025-06-15	0.41%	0.55%	+0.14%
3	2025-03-30	—	0.41%	—

Date

Old EPSS score

New EPSS score

Delta (New - Old)

2025-07-06

0.55%

0.72%

+0.17%

2025-06-15

0.41%

0.55%

+0.14%

2025-03-30

—

0.41%

—

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
7.5	3.1	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:H) Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work. Privileges required (PR:L) A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	1.6	5.9	[email protected]
5.4	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:L) A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin. User interaction (UI:R) A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land. Scope (S:C) Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius. Confidentiality (C:L) Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump. Integrity (I:L) Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	2.3	2.7	[email protected]
3.5	2.0	LOW	`AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N` Click to expand Access vector (AV:N) Can be exploited remotely over network reachability. Access complexity (AC:M) Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones. Authentication (AU:S) A single authentication is required. Confidentiality impact (C:N) No confidentiality impact. Integrity impact (I:P) Partial integrity impact. Availability impact (A:N) No availability impact.	6.8	2.9	[email protected]

Base score

Version

Severity

Vector

Exploitability

Impact

Score source

7.5

3.1

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H): Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:L): A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N): Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H): Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.

1.6

5.9

[email protected]

5.4

3.1

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L): A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:R): A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:C): Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:L): Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L): Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N): Service keeps running; no real outage angle.

2.3

2.7

[email protected]

3.5

2.0

LOW

AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N Click to expand

Access vector (AV:N): Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:M): Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:S): A single authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:N): No confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:P): Partial integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:N): No availability impact.

6.8

2.9

[email protected]

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2020-12512

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_4-eip_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_4-eip_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_8-eip_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_8-eip_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_8-eip-l_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_8-eip-l_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_dr-8-eip_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_dr-8-eip_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_dr-8-eip-p_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_dr-8-eip-p_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_dr-8-eip-t_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_dr-8-eip-t_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_4-pnio_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_4-pnio_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_8-pnio_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_8-pnio_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_8-pnio-l_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_8-pnio-l_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_dr-8-pnio_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_dr-8-pnio_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_dr-8-pnio-p_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_dr-8-pnio-p_firmware::::::::
pepperl-fuchs	io-link_master_dr-8-pnio-t_firmware	<= 1.5.48	cpe:2.3:o:pepperl-fuchs:io-link_master_dr-8-pnio-t_firmware::::::::

References for CVE-2020-12512

URL	Tags
https://cert.vde.com/en-us/advisories/vde-2020-038	Third Party Advisory

URL

CVE-2020-12512 | Pepper+Fuchs Comtrol IO-Link Master Cross-Site Scripting

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2020-12512

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2020-12512

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2020-12512

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2020-12512

References for CVE-2020-12512