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» CVE-2021-23397
All versions of package @ianwalter/merge are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the main (merge) function. Maintainer suggests using @generates/merger instead.
NVD Status： Modified ，CVE State: published
Threat Intelligence & Risk Assessment for CVE-2021-23397
Conclusion & alert: CVE-2021-23397 is rated Exploit Available (54.2/100) : CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.67%).Core evidence: 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB).Mandatory action: Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.
Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.
Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2021-23397
EDB-ID
Source
Kind
Published
Link
—
nvd_ref
exploit_tag
Exploit-DB ↗
Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2021-23397
EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).
#
Date
Old EPSS score
New EPSS score
Delta (New - Old)
1
2026-06-15
0.38%
0.67%
+0.29%
2
2025-08-03
0.22%
0.38%
+0.17%
3
2025-07-27
—
0.22%
—
Full EPSS history
(9 records total)
Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2021-23397
CVSS metrics for this CVE.
Base score
Version
Severity
Vector
Exploitability
Impact
Score source
5.6
3.1
MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
2.2
3.4
[email protected]
9.8
3.1
CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
3.9
5.9
[email protected]
Weakness enumeration for CVE-2021-23397
GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2021-23397
GHSA-42m6-g935-5vmq · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: npm
— @ianwalter/merge Prototype Pollution via `merge` function
Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-23397
Vendor
Product
Version
Raw CPE
merge_project
merge
—
cpe:2.3:a:merge_project:merge:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
References for CVE-2021-23397
cvelogic
Threat Intelligence