CVE-2021-23648 [Medium] | XSS in Braintree\/sanitize-Url

CVE-2021-23648 is rated High Exploit Risk (62.2/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.42%). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). EPSS rose +1.31% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

EDB-ID	Source	Kind	Published	Link
—	nvd_ref	exploit_tag		Exploit-DB ↗

EDB-ID

Source

Kind

Published

Link

—

nvd_ref

exploit_tag

Exploit-DB ↗

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-06-15	0.12%	1.42%	+1.31%
2	2026-04-01	0.16%	0.12%	-0.04%
3	2026-03-15	—	0.16%	—

Date

Old EPSS score

New EPSS score

Delta (New - Old)

2026-06-15

0.12%

1.42%

+1.31%

2026-04-01

0.16%

0.12%

-0.04%

2026-03-15

—

0.16%

—

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
5.4	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:R) A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:L) Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump. Integrity (I:L) Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	2.8	2.5	[email protected]
6.1	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:R) A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land. Scope (S:C) Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius. Confidentiality (C:L) Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump. Integrity (I:L) Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	2.8	2.7	[email protected]
4.3	2.0	MEDIUM	`AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N` Click to expand Access vector (AV:N) Can be exploited remotely over network reachability. Access complexity (AC:M) Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones. Authentication (AU:N) No authentication is required. Confidentiality impact (C:N) No confidentiality impact. Integrity impact (I:P) Partial integrity impact. Availability impact (A:N) No availability impact.	8.6	2.9	[email protected]

Base score

Version

Severity

Vector

Exploitability

Impact

Score source

5.4

3.1

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N): No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R): A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L): Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L): Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N): Service keeps running; no real outage angle.

2.8

2.5

[email protected]

6.1

3.1

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N): No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R): A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:C): Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:L): Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L): Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N): Service keeps running; no real outage angle.

2.8

2.7

[email protected]

4.3

2.0

MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N Click to expand

Access vector (AV:N): Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:M): Exploitation needs some favorable conditions, but not exceptional ones.
Authentication (AU:N): No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:N): No confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:P): Partial integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:N): No availability impact.

8.6

2.9

[email protected]

OS Trackers for CVE-2021-23648

vendor	priority	summary	link
`debian`	not yet assigned	CVE-2021-23648 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (node-mermaid), 1 status rows across 1 suites (bullseye): resolved 1.	https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-23648
`redhat`	medium	—	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-23648
`ubuntu`	medium	CVE-2021-23648 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (node-mermaid), 12 status rows across 12 suites (impish, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 6, ignored 4, needs-triage 2.	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-23648

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-23648

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
paypal	braintree\/sanitize-url	< 6.0.0	cpe:2.3:a:paypal:braintree\/sanitize-url::::::node.js::*
fedoraproject	fedora	34	cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:::::::*
fedoraproject	fedora	35	cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:35:::::::*
fedoraproject	fedora	36	cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:36:::::::*

References for CVE-2021-23648

URL	Tags
https://github.com/braintree/sanitize-url/blob/main/src/index.ts%23L11	Broken Link
https://github.com/braintree/sanitize-url/pull/40	Issue Tracking Patch Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/braintree/sanitize-url/pull/40/commits/e5afda45d9833682b705f73fc2c1265d34832183	Patch Third Party Advisory
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2PFW6Q2LXXWTFRTMTRN4ZGADFRQPKJ3D/
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/36GUEPA5TPSC57DZTPYPBL6T7UPQ2FRH/
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/HLAQRRGNSO5MYCPAXGPH2OCSHOGHSQMQ/
https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-BRAINTREESANITIZEURL-2339882	Exploit Patch Third Party Advisory

URL

CVE-2021-23648 | Cross-site Scripting (XSS)

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2021-23648

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2021-23648

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2021-23648

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2021-23648

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2021-23648

OS Trackers for CVE-2021-23648

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-23648

References for CVE-2021-23648