CVE-2021-27928

Exp

A remote code execution issue was discovered in MariaDB 10.2 before 10.2.37, 10.3 before 10.3.28, 10.4 before 10.4.18, and 10.5 before 10.5.9; Percona Server through 2021-03-03; and the wsrep patch through 2021-03-03 for MySQL. An untrusted search path leads to eval injection, in which a database SUPER user can execute OS commands after modifying wsrep_provider and wsrep_notify_cmd. NOTE: this does not affect an Oracle product.

Published: 2021-03-19 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2021-27928 is rated High Exploit Risk (79.8/100): CVSS High severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 48.95%, 98th percentile). 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). EPSS rose +1.77% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2021-27928

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
49765 exploit_db edb 2021-04-14 Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2021-27928

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-25 47.18% 48.95% +1.77%
2 2026-02-19 47.77% 47.18% -0.59%
3 2026-02-18 — 47.77% —

Full EPSS history (34 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2021-27928

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.2 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.2 5.9 [email protected]
9.0 2.0 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:S)
A single authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:C)
Complete confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:C)
Complete integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:C)
Complete availability impact.
 8.0 10.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2021-27928

OS Trackers for CVE-2021-27928

vendor priority summary link
alpine high CVE-2021-27928: 1 source package rows (mariadb); 61 state rows across 10 repos (3.10-main, 3.11-main, 3.12-main, 3.17-main, 3.18-main, 3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, edge-main); fixed 10, open 51. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2021-27928
debian not yet assigned CVE-2021-27928 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (mariadb-10.5), 1 status rows across 1 suites (bullseye): resolved 1. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-27928
gentoo normal CVE-2021-27928: 1 GLSA(s) (202105-28), 1 atom(s) (dev-db/mariadb); latest impact normal. https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2021-27928
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-27928
suse high CVE-2021-27928 severity important: SUSE including 97 source package names (10.5-3.1:mariadb-10.5.11-3.3.1, 10.5-3.1:mariadb-client-10.5.11-3.3.1, …), 317 product×package rows across 42 product lines (Container suse/rmt-mariadb, Container suse/rmt-mariadb-client, … (42 product lines)): Fixed 277, Will Not Fix 34, Known Not Affected 6. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-27928/
ubuntu medium CVE-2021-27928 medium priority: Ubuntu including 4 source packages (mariadb-10.1, mariadb-10.3, mariadb-10.5, percona-server-5.6), 56 status rows across 16 suites (bionic, focal, groovy, hirsute, impish, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 46, needs-triage 4, not-affected 2, released 2, ignored 1, needed 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-27928

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-27928

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
mariadb mariadb >= 10.2, < 10.2.37 cpe:2.3:a:mariadb:mariadb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mariadb mariadb >= 10.3, < 10.3.28 cpe:2.3:a:mariadb:mariadb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mariadb mariadb >= 10.4, < 10.4.18 cpe:2.3:a:mariadb:mariadb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mariadb mariadb >= 10.5, < 10.5.9 cpe:2.3:a:mariadb:mariadb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
percona percona_server <= 2021-03-03 cpe:2.3:a:percona:percona_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
galeracluster wsrep <= 2021-03-03 cpe:2.3:a:galeracluster:wsrep:*:*:*:*:*:mysql:*:*
debian debian_linux 9.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2021-27928

cvelogic Threat Intelligence