CVE-2021-3521

There is a flaw in RPM's signature functionality. OpenPGP subkeys are associated with a primary key via a "binding signature." RPM does not check the binding signature of subkeys prior to importing them. If an attacker is able to add or socially engineer another party to add a malicious subkey to a legitimate public key, RPM could wrongly trust a malicious signature. The greatest impact of this flaw is to data integrity. To exploit this flaw, an attacker must either compromise an RPM repository or convince an administrator to install an untrusted RPM or public key. It is strongly recommended to only use RPMs and public keys from trusted sources.

Published: 2022-08-22 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2021-3521 is rated Low Risk (26.7/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.30%). Mandatory action: Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2021-3521

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.03% 0.30% +0.28%
2 2025-03-17 0.05% 0.03% -0.02%
3 2023-09-24 0.05%

Full EPSS history (8 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2021-3521

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.7 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
1.0 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2021-3521

OS Trackers for CVE-2021-3521

vendor priority summary link
alpine medium CVE-2021-3521: 1 source package rows (rpm); 12 state rows across 7 repos (3.17-community, 3.18-community, 3.19-community, 3.20-community, 3.21-community, 3.22-community, edge-community); fixed 7, open 5. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2021-3521
debian not yet assigned CVE-2021-3521 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (rpm), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 4, open 1. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-3521
gentoo high CVE-2021-3521: 1 GLSA(s) (202210-22), 1 atom(s) (app-arch/rpm); latest impact high. https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2021-3521
redhat medium https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-3521
suse medium CVE-2021-3521 severity moderate: SUSE including 65 source package names (13.2-5.15.25:rpm-ndb-4.14.3-150400.59.16.1, 13.2-6.8.26:rpm-ndb-4.14.3-150400.59.16.1, …), 667 product×package rows across 303 product lines (Container bci/bci-minimal, Container bci/bci-sle15-kernel-module-devel, … (303 product lines)): Fixed 613, Known Not Affected 54. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-3521/
ubuntu negligible CVE-2021-3521 negligible priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (rpm), 15 status rows across 15 suites (bionic, focal, hirsute, impish, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 8, ignored 7. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-3521

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-3521

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
rpm rpm < 4.17.1 cpe:2.3:a:rpm:rpm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2021-3521

cvelogic Threat Intelligence