CVE-2021-45525 [Medium] | Memory Corruption in Ex7000 Firmware

Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by a buffer overflow by an authenticated user. This affects EX7000 before 1.0.1.80, R6400 before 1.0.1.50, R6400v2 before 1.0.4.118, R6700 before 1.0.2.8, R6700v3 before 1.0.4.118, R6900 before 1.0.2.8, R6900P before 1.3.2.124, R7000 before 1.0.9.88, R7000P before 1.3.2.124, R7900 before 1.0.3.18, R7900P before 1.4.1.50, R8000 before 1.0.4.46, R8000P before 1.4.1.50, RAX80 before 1.0.1.56, and WNR3500Lv2 before 1.2.0.62.

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-06-15	0.22%	0.87%	+0.65%
2	2025-12-16	0.36%	0.22%	-0.14%
3	2025-11-21	—	0.36%	—

Date

Old EPSS score

New EPSS score

Delta (New - Old)

2026-06-15

0.22%

0.87%

+0.65%

2025-12-16

0.36%

0.22%

-0.14%

2025-11-21

—

0.36%

—

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
6.1	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:A) Attacker has to be nearby on the network—same office, same link, that vibe—not the whole wide internet. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:H) They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	0.9	5.2	[email protected]
8.8	3.1	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:L) A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	2.8	5.9	[email protected]
6.5	2.0	MEDIUM	`AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P` Click to expand Access vector (AV:N) Can be exploited remotely over network reachability. Access complexity (AC:L) Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable. Authentication (AU:S) A single authentication is required. Confidentiality impact (C:P) Partial confidentiality impact. Integrity impact (I:P) Partial integrity impact. Availability impact (A:P) Partial availability impact.	8.0	6.4	[email protected]

Base score

Version

Severity

Vector

Exploitability

Impact

Score source

6.1

3.1

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:A): Attacker has to be nearby on the network—same office, same link, that vibe—not the whole wide internet.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H): They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N): Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N): Service keeps running; no real outage angle.

0.9

5.2

[email protected]

8.8

3.1

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L): A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N): Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H): Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.

2.8

5.9

[email protected]

6.5

2.0

MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P Click to expand

Access vector (AV:N): Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:L): Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:S): A single authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:P): Partial confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:P): Partial integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:P): Partial availability impact.

8.0

6.4

[email protected]

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-45525

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
netgear	ex7000_firmware	< 1.0.1.80	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:ex7000_firmware::::::::
netgear	r6400_firmware	< 1.0.1.50	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6400_firmware::::::::
netgear	r6400v2_firmware	< 1.0.4.118	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6400v2_firmware::::::::
netgear	r6700_firmware	< 1.0.2.8	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6700_firmware::::::::
netgear	r6700v3_firmware	< 1.0.4.118	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6700v3_firmware::::::::
netgear	r6900_firmware	< 1.0.2.8	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6900_firmware::::::::
netgear	r6900p_firmware	< 1.3.2.124	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r6900p_firmware::::::::
netgear	r7000_firmware	< 1.0.9.88	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7000_firmware::::::::
netgear	r7000p_firmware	< 1.3.2.124	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7000p_firmware::::::::
netgear	r7900_firmware	< 1.0.3.18	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7900_firmware::::::::
netgear	r7900p_firmware	< 1.4.1.50	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r7900p_firmware::::::::
netgear	r8000_firmware	< 1.0.4.46	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r8000_firmware::::::::
netgear	r8000p_firmware	< 1.4.1.50	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:r8000p_firmware::::::::
netgear	rax80_firmware	< 1.0.1.56	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:rax80_firmware::::::::
netgear	wnr3500lv2_firmware	< 1.2.0.62	cpe:2.3:o:netgear:wnr3500lv2_firmware::::::::

References for CVE-2021-45525

URL	Tags
https://kb.netgear.com/000064052/Security-Advisory-for-Post-Authentication-Buffer-Overflow-on-Some-Routers-and-Extenders-PSV-2018-0618	Patch Vendor Advisory

URL

CVE-2021-45525

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2021-45525

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2021-45525

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2021-45525

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-45525

References for CVE-2021-45525