CVE-2021-45928

Exp

libjxl b02d6b9, as used in libvips 8.11 through 8.11.2 and other products, has an out-of-bounds write in jxl::ModularFrameDecoder::DecodeGroup (called from jxl::FrameDecoder::ProcessACGroup and jxl::ThreadPool::RunCallState<jxl::FrameDecoder::ProcessSections).

Published: 2022-01-01 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2021-45928 is rated Exploit Available (50/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.39%). 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2021-45928

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2021-45928

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.05% 0.39% +0.34%
2 2023-07-24 0.04% 0.05% +0.01%
3 2023-03-07 — 0.04% —

Full EPSS history (5 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2021-45928

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 3.6 [email protected]
2.1 2.0 LOW
AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P Click to expand
Access vector (AV:L)
Requires local access to the target system.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:N)
No confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:N)
No integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:P)
Partial availability impact.
 3.9 2.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2021-45928

OS Trackers for CVE-2021-45928

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2021-45928 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (jpeg-xl), 4 status rows across 4 suites (bookworm, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 4. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-45928
ubuntu medium CVE-2021-45928 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (jpeg-xl), 3 status rows across 3 suites (trusty, upstream, xenial): ignored 2, not-affected 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2021-45928

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2021-45928

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
libjxl_project libjxl < 0.6.1 cpe:2.3:a:libjxl_project:libjxl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2021-45928

cvelogic Threat Intelligence