CVE-2022-31053 | Signature forgery in Biscuit

Exp

Biscuit is an authentication and authorization token for microservices architectures. The Biscuit specification version 1 contains a vulnerable algorithm that allows malicious actors to forge valid Γ-signatures. Such an attack would allow an attacker to create a token with any access level. The version 2 of the specification mandates a different algorithm than gamma signatures and as such is not affected by this vulnerability. The Biscuit implementations in Rust, Haskell, Go, Java and Javascript all have published versions following the v2 specification. There are no known workarounds for this issue.

Published: 2022-06-13 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published

View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

Threat Intelligence & Risk Assessment for CVE-2022-31053

EPSS CVSS CWE GHSA Exploit-DB Affected

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2022-31053 is rated High Exploit Risk (72.6/100): CVSS Critical severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.29%). Core evidence: 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Mandatory action: Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2022-31053

EDB-ID	Source	Kind	Published	Link
—	nvd_ref	exploit_tag		Exploit-DB ↗
—	nvd_ref	exploit_tag		Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2022-31053

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-05-12	0.22%	0.29%	+0.07%
2	2025-11-21	0.26%	0.22%	-0.04%
3	2025-11-18	—	0.26%	—

Full EPSS history (12 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2022-31053

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
9.8	3.1	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	3.9	5.9	[email protected]
9.8	3.1	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	3.9	5.9	[email protected]
7.5	2.0	HIGH	`AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P` Click to expand Access vector (AV:N) Can be exploited remotely over network reachability. Access complexity (AC:L) Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable. Authentication (AU:N) No authentication is required. Confidentiality impact (C:P) Partial confidentiality impact. Integrity impact (I:P) Partial integrity impact. Availability impact (A:P) Partial availability impact.	10.0	6.4	[email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2022-31053

CWE-347 MITRE ↗

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2022-31053

GHSA-75rw-34q6-72cr · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: rust — Signature forgery in Biscuit

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2022-31053

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
biscuitsec	biscuit-auth	>= 1.0.0, <= 1.1.0	cpe:2.3:a:biscuitsec:biscuit-auth::::::rust::*
biscuitsec	biscuit-go	< 2.0.0	cpe:2.3:a:biscuitsec:biscuit-go::::::::
biscuitsec	biscuit-haskell	0.1.1.0	cpe:2.3:a:biscuitsec:biscuit-haskell:0.1.1.0:::::::*
clever-cloud	biscuit-java	< 2.0.0	cpe:2.3:a:clever-cloud:biscuit-java::::::::

References for CVE-2022-31053

URL	Tags
https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/1484	Exploit Technical Description Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/biscuit-auth/biscuit/security/advisories/GHSA-75rw-34q6-72cr	Exploit Third Party Advisory

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