CVE-2022-31479 | Remote Code Execution via command injection of the hostname

An unauthenticated attacker can update the hostname with a specially crafted name that will allow for shell commands to be executed during the core collection process. This vulnerability impacts products based on HID Mercury Intelligent Controllers LP1501, LP1502, LP2500, LP4502, and EP4502 which contain firmware versions prior to 1.302 for the LP series and 1.296 for the EP series. An attacker with this level of access on the device can monitor all communications sent to and from this device, modify onboard relays, change configuration files, or cause the device to become unstable. The injected commands only get executed during start up or when unsafe calls regarding the hostname are used. This allows the attacker to gain remote access to the device and can make their persistence permanent by modifying the filesystem.

Published: 2022-06-06 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2022-31479 is rated High Risk (72.1/100): CVSS Critical severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 9.07%, 92th percentile). EPSS ranks this CVE among the most likely to be exploited in the near term. EPSS rose +1.41% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. High exploitation likelihood—assess exposure and prioritize remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2022-31479

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-11-21 7.66% 9.07% +1.41%
2 2025-11-18 9.07% 7.66% -1.41%
3 2025-09-24 — 9.07% —

Full EPSS history (19 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2022-31479

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.6 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 6.0 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
10.0 2.0 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C Click to expand
Access vector (AV:N)
Can be exploited remotely over network reachability.
Access complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and predictable.
Authentication (AU:N)
No authentication is required.
Confidentiality impact (C:C)
Complete confidentiality impact.
Integrity impact (I:C)
Complete integrity impact.
Availability impact (A:C)
Complete availability impact.
 10.0 10.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2022-31479

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2022-31479

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
hidglobal lp1501_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:hidglobal:lp1501_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
hidglobal lp1502_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:hidglobal:lp1502_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
hidglobal lp2500_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:hidglobal:lp2500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
hidglobal lp4502_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:hidglobal:lp4502_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
hidglobal ep4502_firmware < 1.296 cpe:2.3:o:hidglobal:ep4502_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_lnl-4420_firmware < 1.296 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_lnl-4420_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_lnl-x2210_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_lnl-x2210_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_lnl-x2220_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_lnl-x2220_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_lnl-x3300_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_lnl-x3300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_lnl-x4420_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_lnl-x4420_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_s2-lp-1501_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_s2-lp-1501_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_s2-lp-1502_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_s2-lp-1502_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_s2-lp-2500_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_s2-lp-2500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
carrier lenels2_s2-lp-4502_firmware < 1.302 cpe:2.3:o:carrier:lenels2_s2-lp-4502_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2022-31479

cvelogic Threat Intelligence