CVE-2022-42475

Exp

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.0 through 6.2.11, 6.0.15 and earlier and FortiProxy SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.1, 7.0.7 and earlier may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.

Published: 2023-01-02 Last update: 2025-10-24 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published

View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

Threat Intelligence & Risk Assessment for CVE-2022-42475

KEV EPSS CVSS CWE Exploit-DB Affected

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2022-42475 is rated Critical Active Threat (99.2/100): CVSS Critical severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 94.01%, 100th percentile). Core evidence: CISA KEV confirms active exploitation (added 2022-12-13) affecting Fortinet / FortiOS. a weakness (CWE-197) Unauthenticated remote administrative access may be possible. Mandatory action: The CISA remediation deadline has passed—treat as an emergency patch priority.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

CISA KEV Record for CVE-2022-42475

Name: Fortinet FortiOS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability · CISA KEV detail

Exploit added: 2022-12-13

Action due: 2023-01-03

Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2022-42475

EDB-ID	Source	Kind	Published	Link
—	nvd_ref	exploit_tag		Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2022-42475

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-05-25	93.92%	94.01%	+0.09%
2	2026-05-20	93.98%	93.92%	-0.07%
3	2026-02-15	—	93.98%	—

Full EPSS history (65 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2022-42475

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
9.8	3.1	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	3.9	5.9	[email protected]
9.8	3.1	CRITICAL	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	3.9	5.9	[email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2022-42475

CWE-197 MITRE ↗ CWE-787 MITRE ↗

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2022-42475

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
fortinet	fortios	>= 5.0.0, <= 5.0.14	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 5.2.0, <= 5.2.15	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 5.4.0, <= 5.4.13	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 5.6.0, <= 5.6.14	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 6.0.0, < 6.0.16	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 6.2.0, < 6.2.12	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 6.4.0, < 6.4.11	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.9	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.3	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 1.0.0, <= 1.0.7	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 1.1.0, <= 1.1.6	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 1.2.0, <= 1.2.13	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 2.0.0, < 2.0.12	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.8	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.2	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 6.0.0, < 6.0.15	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 6.4.0, < 6.4.10	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.8	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::

References for CVE-2022-42475

URL	Tags
https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-22-398	Exploit Mitigation Vendor Advisory
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-42475	US Government Resource

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