CVE-2022-44589 | WordPress miniOrange's Google Authenticator Plugin <= 5.6.1 is vulnerable to Sensitive Data Exposure

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in miniOrange miniOrange's Google Authenticator – WordPress Two Factor Authentication – 2FA , Two Factor, OTP SMS and Email | Passwordless login.This issue affects miniOrange's Google Authenticator – WordPress Two Factor Authentication – 2FA , Two Factor, OTP SMS and Email | Passwordless login: from n/a through 5.6.1.

Published: 2023-12-29 Last update: 2026-04-28 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2022-44589 is rated Moderate Risk (57.2/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.66%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2022-44589

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-11-21 0.47% 0.66% +0.19%
2 2025-11-18 0.66% 0.47% -0.19%
3 2025-05-19 — 0.66% —

Full EPSS history (10 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2022-44589

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.1 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.2 5.9 [email protected]
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2022-44589

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2022-44589

GHSA-hwcx-3vrw-26jm · Severity: high — Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in miniOrange miniOrange...

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2022-44589

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
miniorange google_authenticator < 5.6.2 cpe:2.3:a:miniorange:google_authenticator:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*

References for CVE-2022-44589

cvelogic Threat Intelligence