CVE-2022-45406

If an out-of-memory condition occurred when creating a JavaScript global, a JavaScript realm may be deleted while references to it lived on in a BaseShape. This could lead to a use-after-free causing a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 102.5, Thunderbird < 102.5, and Firefox < 107.

Published: 2022-12-22 Last update: 2025-04-15 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2022-45406 is rated Moderate Risk (60.8/100): CVSS Critical severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.42%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2022-45406

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-02-07 0.32% 0.42% +0.10%
2 2026-01-31 0.37% 0.32% -0.04%
3 2026-01-09 — 0.37% —

Full EPSS history (15 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2022-45406

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2022-45406

OS Trackers for CVE-2022-45406

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2022-45406: 3 source package rows (firefox, firefox-esr, thunderbird); 126 state rows across 6 repos (3.18-community, 3.19-community, 3.20-community, 3.21-community, 3.22-community, edge-community); fixed 8, open 118. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2022-45406
debian not yet assigned CVE-2022-45406 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 3 source packages (firefox, firefox-esr, thunderbird), 11 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 11. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-45406
gentoo high CVE-2022-45406: 2 GLSA(s) (202211-05, 202211-06), 4 atom(s) (mail-client/thunderbird, mail-client/thunderbird-bin, www-client/firefox, www-client/firefox-bin); latest impact high. https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2022-45406
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2022-45406
ubuntu medium CVE-2022-45406 medium priority: Ubuntu including 7 source packages (firefox, mozjs38, …), 58 status rows across 10 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 26, ignored 17, released 9, not-affected 6. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2022-45406

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2022-45406

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
mozilla firefox < 107.0 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mozilla firefox_esr < 102.5 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox_esr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mozilla thunderbird < 102.5 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2022-45406

cvelogic Threat Intelligence