CVE-2023-1428 | Denial-of-Service in gRPC

There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC.  The following headers cause gRPC's C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2: te: x (x != trailers) :scheme: x (x != http, https) grpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything) On top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit 2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.

Published: 2023-06-09 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-1428 is rated Moderate Risk (41.8/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.41%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-1428

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.06% 0.41% +0.36%
2 2026-01-12 0.02% 0.06% +0.04%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.02% —

Full EPSS history (7 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-1428

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-1428

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-1428

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-1428

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2023-1428 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (grpc), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-1428
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-1428
suse high CVE-2023-1428 severity important: SUSE including 10 source package names (grpc, grpc-devel, …), 50 product×package rows across 15 product lines (SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1, SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS, … (15 product lines)): Known Not Affected 50. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-1428/
ubuntu medium CVE-2023-1428 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (grpc), 13 status rows across 13 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 6, ignored 5, DNE 1, released 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-1428

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-1428

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
grpc grpc >= 1.51.0, < 1.53.0 cpe:2.3:a:grpc:grpc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-1428

cvelogic Threat Intelligence