CVE-2023-2261 | WP Activity Log <= 4.5.0 - Missing Capabilities Check to User Enumeration

The WP Activity Log plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to a missing capability check on the handle_ajax_call function in versions up to, and including, 4.5.0. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access or higher, to obtain a list of users with accounts on the site. This includes ids, usernames and emails.

Published: 2023-06-09 Last update: 2026-04-08 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-2261 is rated Low Risk (32.1/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.55%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-2261

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.16% 0.55% +0.40%
2 2026-03-04 0.14% 0.16% +0.01%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.14% —

Full EPSS history (12 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-2261

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.3 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.8 1.4 [email protected]
4.3 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.8 1.4 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-2261

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-2261

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
wpwhitesecurity wp_activity_log <= 4.5.0 cpe:2.3:a:wpwhitesecurity:wp_activity_log:*:*:*:*:-:wordpress:*:*
wpwhitesecurity wp_activity_log <= 4.5.0 cpe:2.3:a:wpwhitesecurity:wp_activity_log:*:*:*:*:premium:wordpress:*:*

References for CVE-2023-2261

cvelogic Threat Intelligence