CVE-2023-23764 | Incorrect comparison vulnerability in GitHub Enterprise Server leading to commit smuggling

An incorrect comparison vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed commit smuggling by displaying an incorrect diff within the GitHub pull request UI. To do so, an attacker would need write access to the repository. This vulnerability affected GitHub Enterprise Server versions 3.7.0 and above and was fixed in versions 3.7.9, 3.8.2, and 3.9.1. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.

Published: 2023-07-27 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-23764 is rated Low Risk (32.3/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.47%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-23764

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.18% 0.47% +0.29%
2 2026-04-21 0.15% 0.18% +0.04%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.15% —

Full EPSS history (13 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-23764

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.8 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 0.5 4.2 [email protected]
7.1 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.8 4.2 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-23764

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-23764

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
github enterprise_server >= 3.7.0, < 3.7.9 cpe:2.3:a:github:enterprise_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
github enterprise_server >= 3.8.0, < 3.8.2 cpe:2.3:a:github:enterprise_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
github enterprise_server 3.9.0 cpe:2.3:a:github:enterprise_server:3.9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-23764

cvelogic Threat Intelligence