CVE-2023-2431 | Bypass of seccomp profile enforcement

A security issue was discovered in Kubelet that allows pods to bypass the seccomp profile enforcement. Pods that use localhost type for seccomp profile but specify an empty profile field, are affected by this issue. In this scenario, this vulnerability allows the pod to run in unconfined (seccomp disabled) mode. This bug affects Kubelet.

Published: 2023-06-16 Last update: 2024-12-12 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-2431 is rated Low Risk (13.7/100): CVSS Low severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.01%). Low composite risk—no urgent action required; patch on your normal maintenance cycle and revisit priority if CVSS or EPSS increases.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-2431

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-11-21 0.07% 0.01% -0.06%
2 2025-11-18 0.01% 0.07% +0.07%
3 2025-04-15 — 0.01% —

Full EPSS history (11 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-2431

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
3.4 3.1 LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 0.8 2.5 [email protected]
5.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 1.8 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-2431

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-2431

GHSA-xc8m-28vv-4pjc · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: go — Kubelet vulnerable to bypass of seccomp profile enforcement

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-2431

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2023-2431 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (kubernetes), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-2431
redhat low — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-2431
suse low CVE-2023-2431 severity low: SUSE including 40 source package names (govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250807T150727-1.1, govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250814T182633-160000.1.2, …), 134 product×package rows across 26 product lines (SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0, SUSE Enterprise Storage 7, … (26 product lines)): Known Not Affected 68, Fixed 66. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-2431/
ubuntu medium CVE-2023-2431 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (kubernetes), 12 status rows across 12 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, trusty, upstream, xenial): ignored 7, not-affected 3, DNE 1, released 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-2431

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-2431

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
kubernetes kubernetes < 1.24.14 cpe:2.3:a:kubernetes:kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
kubernetes kubernetes >= 1.25.0, < 1.25.10 cpe:2.3:a:kubernetes:kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
kubernetes kubernetes >= 1.26.0, < 1.26.5 cpe:2.3:a:kubernetes:kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
kubernetes kubernetes >= 1.27.0, < 1.27.2 cpe:2.3:a:kubernetes:kubernetes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fedoraproject fedora 38 cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:38:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-2431

cvelogic Threat Intelligence