CVE-2023-24998 | Apache Commons FileUpload, Apache Tomcat: FileUpload DoS with excessive parts

Apache Commons FileUpload before 1.5 does not limit the number of request parts to be processed resulting in the possibility of an attacker triggering a DoS with a malicious upload or series of uploads. Note that, like all of the file upload limits, the new configuration option (FileUploadBase#setFileCountMax) is not enabled by default and must be explicitly configured.

Published: 2023-02-20 Last update: 2025-11-03 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-24998 is rated Moderate Risk (60.1/100): CVSS High severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 33.90%, 97th percentile). EPSS ranks this CVE among the most likely to be exploited in the near term. High exploitation likelihood—assess exposure and prioritize remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-24998

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-27 37.74% 33.90% -3.84%
2 2026-05-26 37.16% 37.74% +0.58%
3 2026-05-20 — 37.16% —

Full EPSS history (74 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-24998

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-24998

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-24998

GHSA-hfrx-6qgj-fp6c · Severity: high · Ecosystem: maven — Apache Commons FileUpload denial of service vulnerability

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-24998

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2023-24998 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 3 source packages (libcommons-fileupload-java, tomcat10, tomcat9), 14 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 14. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-24998
gentoo low CVE-2023-24998: 1 GLSA(s) (202305-37), 1 atom(s) (www-servers/tomcat); latest impact low. https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2023-24998
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-24998
suse high — https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-24998/
ubuntu medium CVE-2023-24998 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (libcommons-fileupload-java), 13 status rows across 13 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 7, ignored 6. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-24998

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-24998

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
apache commons_fileupload >= 1.0, < 1.5 cpe:2.3:a:apache:commons_fileupload:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
apache commons_fileupload 1.0 cpe:2.3:a:apache:commons_fileupload:1.0:beta:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 9.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 11.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-24998

cvelogic Threat Intelligence