CVE-2023-26121

Exp

All versions of the package safe-eval are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the safeEval function, due to improper sanitization of its parameter content.

Published: 2023-04-11 Last update: 2025-02-10 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-26121 is rated High Exploit Risk (65/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.35%). 3 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2023-26121

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-26121

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-04-25 0.46% 0.35% -0.11%
2 2026-04-22 0.08% 0.46% +0.38%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.08% —

Full EPSS history (13 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-26121

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]
10.0 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 6.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-26121

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-26121

GHSA-hcg3-56jf-x4vh · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: npm — safe-eval vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the safeEval function

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-26121

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
safe-eval_project safe-eval <= 0.4.1 cpe:2.3:a:safe-eval_project:safe-eval:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

References for CVE-2023-26121

URL Tags
https://gist.github.com/seongil-wi/9d9fc0cc5b7b130419cd45827e59c4f9 Exploit Third Party Advisory
https://github.com/hacksparrow/safe-eval/issues/28 Exploit Issue Tracking Third Party Advisory
https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-SAFEEVAL-3373062 Exploit Third Party Advisory
cvelogic Threat Intelligence