CVE-2023-28362

The redirect_to method in Rails allows provided values to contain characters which are not legal in an HTTP header value. This results in the potential for downstream services which enforce RFC compliance on HTTP response headers to remove the assigned Location header.

Published: 2025-01-09 Last update: 2026-04-15 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Deferred，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-28362 is rated Low Risk (29/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.16%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-28362

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-10-04 0.14% 0.16% +0.01%
2 2025-10-01 0.17% 0.14% -0.03%
3 2025-09-25 — 0.17% —

Full EPSS history (15 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-28362

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.0 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.5 1.4 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-28362

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-28362

GHSA-4g8v-vg43-wpgf · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: rubygems — Actionpack has possible cross-site scripting vulnerability via User Supplied Values to redirect_to

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-28362

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2023-28362 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (rails), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-28362
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-28362
suse medium — https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-28362/
ubuntu medium CVE-2023-28362 medium priority: Ubuntu including 7 source packages (rails, rails-4.0, …), 91 status rows across 13 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 66, needs-triage 13, ignored 12. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-28362

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-28362

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2023-28362

cvelogic Threat Intelligence