CVE-2023-31447

user_login.cgi on Draytek Vigor2620 devices before 3.9.8.4 (and on all versions of Vigor2925 devices) allows attackers to send a crafted payload to modify the content of the code segment, insert shellcode, and execute arbitrary code.

Published: 2023-08-21 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-31447 is rated Moderate Risk (58.2/100): CVSS Critical severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.86%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-31447

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.61% 0.86% +0.25%
2 2026-05-16 0.46% 0.61% +0.15%
3 2026-05-01 — 0.46% —

Full EPSS history (15 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-31447

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-31447

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-31447

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
draytek vigor2620_firmware < 3.9.8.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2620_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2625_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2625_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-31447

cvelogic Threat Intelligence