CVE-2023-32233

In the Linux kernel through 6.3.1, a use-after-free in Netfilter nf_tables when processing batch requests can be abused to perform arbitrary read and write operations on kernel memory. Unprivileged local users can obtain root privileges. This occurs because anonymous sets are mishandled.

Published: 2023-05-08 Last update: 2025-05-05 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-32233 is rated Moderate Risk (58.4/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.00%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-32233

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-10 0.91% 1.00% +0.10%
2 2026-06-06 1.00% 0.91% -0.10%
3 2026-05-28 — 1.00% —

Full EPSS history (16 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-32233

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 5.9 [email protected]
7.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 5.9 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-32233

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-32233

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2023-32233: 1 source package rows (linux-lts); 6 state rows across 6 repos (3.18-main, 3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, edge-main); fixed 6, open 0. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2023-32233
debian not yet assigned CVE-2023-32233 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (linux), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-32233
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-32233
suse high — https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-32233/
ubuntu high CVE-2023-32233 high priority: Ubuntu including 167 source packages (linux, linux-allwinner, …), 1970 status rows across 13 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 1512, released 243, not-affected 135, ignored 79, needed 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-32233

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-32233

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
linux linux_kernel >= 3.13, < 4.14.315 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 4.15, < 4.19.283 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 4.20, < 5.4.243 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.5, < 5.10.180 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.11, < 5.15.111 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.16, < 6.1.28 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.2.15 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 6.3, < 6.3.2 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
redhat enterprise_linux 7.0 cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
redhat enterprise_linux 8.0 cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
redhat enterprise_linux 9.0 cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
netapp hci_baseboard_management_controller h300s cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_baseboard_management_controller:h300s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
netapp hci_baseboard_management_controller h410c cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_baseboard_management_controller:h410c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
netapp hci_baseboard_management_controller h410s cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_baseboard_management_controller:h410s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
netapp hci_baseboard_management_controller h500s cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_baseboard_management_controller:h500s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
netapp hci_baseboard_management_controller h700s cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_baseboard_management_controller:h700s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-32233

URL Tags
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173087/Kernel-Live-Patch-Security-Notice-LSN-0095-1.html Patch Third Party Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/05/15/5 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2196105 Issue Tracking Mitigation Third Party Advisory
https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c1592a89942e9678f7d9c8030efa777c0d57edab Mailing List Patch
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/c1592a89942e9678f7d9c8030efa777c0d57edab Patch
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/06/msg00008.html Third Party Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00030.html Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35879660 Issue Tracking
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230616-0002/ Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5402 Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/05/08/4 Mailing List Patch Third Party Advisory
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