CVE-2023-33372

Connected IO v2.1.0 and prior uses a hard-coded username/password pair embedded in their device's firmware used for device communication using MQTT. An attacker who gained access to these credentials is able to connect to the MQTT broker and send messages on behalf of devices, impersonating them. in order to sign and verify JWT session tokens, allowing attackers to sign arbitrary session tokens and bypass authentication.

Published: 2023-08-04 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-33372 is rated Moderate Risk (57.5/100): CVSS Critical severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.76%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-33372

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.02% 0.76% +0.74%
2 2025-11-21 0.36% 0.02% -0.34%
3 2025-11-18 — 0.36% —

Full EPSS history (10 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-33372

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-33372

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-33372

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
connectedio connected_io <= 2.1.0 cpe:2.3:a:connectedio:connected_io:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-33372

cvelogic Threat Intelligence