CVE-2023-33778

Exp

Draytek Vigor Routers firmware versions below 3.9.6/4.2.4, Access Points firmware versions below v1.4.0, Switches firmware versions below 2.6.7, and Myvigor firmware versions below 2.3.2 were discovered to use hardcoded encryption keys which allows attackers to bind any affected device to their own account. Attackers are then able to create WCF and DrayDDNS licenses and synchronize them from the website.

Published: 2023-06-01 Last update: 2025-01-09 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-33778 is rated High Exploit Risk (71.1/100): CVSS Critical severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.25%). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2023-33778

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-33778

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-02-24 0.20% 0.25% +0.05%
2 2026-02-09 0.10% 0.20% +0.10%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.10% —

Full EPSS history (10 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-33778

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-33778

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-33778

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
draytek myvigor < 2.3.2 cpe:2.3:a:draytek:myvigor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_pq2200xb_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_pq2200xb_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_pq2121x_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_pq2121x_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_p2540xs_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_p2540xs_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_p2280x_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_p2280x_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_p2100_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_p2100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_q2200x_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_q2200x_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_q2121x_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_q2121x_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g2540xs_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g2540xs_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g2280x_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g2280x_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g2121_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g2121_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g2100_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g2100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_fx2120_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_fx2120_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_p1282_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_p1282_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g1282_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g1282_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g1085_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g1085_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorswitch_g1080_firmware < 2.6.7 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorswitch_g1080_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_903_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_903_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_912c_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_912c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_918r_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_918r_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_1060c_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_1060c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_906_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_906_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_960c_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_960c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorap_1000c_firmware < 1.4.0 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorap_1000c_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2766ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2766ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2766ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2766ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2766ax_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2766ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2766ax_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2766ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2766vac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2766vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2766vac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2766vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2765ax_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2765ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2765ax_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2765ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2765vac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2765vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2765vac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2765vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2765ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2765ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2765ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2765ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2763ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2763ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2763ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2763ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2620l_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2620l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2620l_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2620l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2620ln_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2620ln_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2620ln_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2620ln_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorlte_200n_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorlte_200n_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigorlte_200n_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigorlte_200n_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2915ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2915ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2915ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2915ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135ax_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135ax_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135fvac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135fvac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135fvac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135fvac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135vac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2135vac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2135vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866ax_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866ax_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866vac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866vac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866l_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866l_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866lac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866lac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2866lac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2866lac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865ax_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865ax_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865ax_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865vac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865vac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865l_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865l_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865l_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865lac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865lac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2865lac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2865lac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2862n_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2862n_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2862n_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2862n_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2862ac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2862ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2862ac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2862ac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2862vac_firmware < 3.9.6 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2862vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
draytek vigor2862vac_firmware >= 4.0.0, < 4.2.4 cpe:2.3:o:draytek:vigor2862vac_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-33778

cvelogic Threat Intelligence