CVE-2023-35818

An issue was discovered on Espressif ESP32 3.0 (ESP32_rev300 ROM) devices. An EMFI attack on ECO3 provides the attacker with a capability to influence the PC value at the CPU context level, regardless of Secure Boot and Flash Encryption status. By using this capability, the attacker can exploit another behavior in the chip to gain unauthorized access to the ROM download mode. Access to ROM download mode may be further exploited to read the encrypted flash content in cleartext format or execute stub code.

Published: 2023-07-17 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-35818 is rated Low Risk (30.7/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.20%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-35818

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.10% 0.20% +0.10%
2 2025-03-30 0.24% 0.10% -0.14%
3 2025-03-29 — 0.24% —

Full EPSS history (5 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-35818

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.8 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:P)
Hands-on access—USB, keyboard, opening the case—not something you do purely over the wire.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 0.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-35818

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-35818

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
espressif esp32-d0wd-v3_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-d0wd-v3_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-d0wd-v3_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-d0wd-v3_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-d0wdr2-v3_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-d0wdr2-v3_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-d0wdr2-v3_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-d0wdr2-v3_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-u4wdh_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-u4wdh_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-u4wdh_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-u4wdh_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3-02_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3-02_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3-02_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3-02_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-d4_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-d4_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-d4_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-d4_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wroom-32e_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wroom-32e_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wroom-32e_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wroom-32e_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wroom-32ue_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wroom-32ue_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wroom-32ue_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wroom-32ue_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wroom-da_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wroom-da_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wroom-da_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wroom-da_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wrover-e_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wrover-e_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wrover-e_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wrover-e_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wrover-ie_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wrover-ie_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-wrover-ie_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-wrover-ie_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-mini-1_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-mini-1_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-mini-1_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-mini-1_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-mini-1u_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-mini-1u_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-mini-1u_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-mini-1u_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-mini-02_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-mini-02_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-mini-02_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-mini-02_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-mini-02u_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-mini-02u_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-mini-02u_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-mini-02u_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3-zero_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3-zero_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3-zero_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3-zero_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-devkitc_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-devkitc_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-devkitc_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-devkitc_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-devkitm-1_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-devkitm-1_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-devkitm-1_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-devkitm-1_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-kit_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-kit_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-kit_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-kit_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3-zero-devkit_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3-zero-devkit_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-pico-v3-zero-devkit_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-pico-v3-zero-devkit_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp-eye_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp-eye_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp-eye_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp-eye_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-vaquita-dspg_firmware 3.0 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-vaquita-dspg_firmware:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
espressif esp32-vaquita-dspg_firmware 3.1 cpe:2.3:o:espressif:esp32-vaquita-dspg_firmware:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-35818

cvelogic Threat Intelligence