CVE-2023-36665

Exp

"protobuf.js (aka protobufjs) 6.10.0 through 7.x before 7.2.5 allows Prototype Pollution, a different vulnerability than CVE-2022-25878. A user-controlled protobuf message can be used by an attacker to pollute the prototype of Object.prototype by adding and overwriting its data and functions. Exploitation can involve: (1) using the function parse to parse protobuf messages on the fly, (2) loading .proto files by using load/loadSync functions, or (3) providing untrusted input to the functions ReflectionObject.setParsedOption and util.setProperty.

Published: 2023-07-05 Last update: 2024-11-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-36665 is rated High Exploit Risk (78.2/100): CVSS Critical severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.42%). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2023-36665

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-36665

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 1.67% 1.42% -0.25%
2 2026-01-07 1.61% 1.67% +0.07%
3 2025-11-21 — 1.61% —

Full EPSS history (24 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-36665

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-36665

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-36665

GHSA-h755-8qp9-cq85 · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: npm — protobufjs Prototype Pollution vulnerability

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-36665

vendor priority summary link
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-36665

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-36665

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
protobufjs_project protobufjs >= 6.10.0, < 7.2.5 cpe:2.3:a:protobufjs_project:protobufjs:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

References for CVE-2023-36665

cvelogic Threat Intelligence