CVE-2023-37265 | Incorrect identification of source IP addresses in CasaOS

Exp

CasaOS is an open-source Personal Cloud system. Due to a lack of IP address verification an unauthenticated attackers can execute arbitrary commands as `root` on CasaOS instances. The problem was addressed by improving the detection of client IP addresses in `391dd7f`. This patch is part of CasaOS 0.4.4. Users should upgrade to CasaOS 0.4.4. If they can't, they should temporarily restrict access to CasaOS to untrusted users, for instance by not exposing it publicly.

Published: 2023-07-17 Last update: 2025-04-07 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-37265 is rated High Exploit Risk (94.1/100): CVSS Critical severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 91.12%, 100th percentile). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). EPSS rose +7.33% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2023-37265

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-37265

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-11-21 83.79% 91.12% +7.33%
2 2025-11-18 91.12% 83.79% -7.33%
3 2025-11-11 — 91.12% —

Full EPSS history (44 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-37265

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-37265

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2023-37265

GHSA-vjh7-5r6x-xh6g · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: go — CasaOS Gateway vulnerable to incorrect identification of source IP addresses

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-37265

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
icewhale casaos < 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:o:icewhale:casaos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:o:icewhale:casaos:0.4.4:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:o:icewhale:casaos:0.4.4:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:o:icewhale:casaos:0.4.4:alpha3:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:o:icewhale:casaos:0.4.4:alpha4:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:o:icewhale:casaos:0.4.4:alpha5:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos-gateway < 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:a:icewhale:casaos-gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
icewhale casaos-gateway 0.4.4 cpe:2.3:a:icewhale:casaos-gateway:0.4.4:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-37265

cvelogic Threat Intelligence