CVE-2023-37457 | Asterisk's PJSIP_HEADER dialplan function can overwrite memory/cause crash when using 'update'

Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. In Asterisk versions 18.20.0 and prior, 20.5.0 and prior, and 21.0.0; as well as ceritifed-asterisk 18.9-cert5 and prior, the 'update' functionality of the PJSIP_HEADER dialplan function can exceed the available buffer space for storing the new value of a header. By doing so this can overwrite memory or cause a crash. This is not externally exploitable, unless dialplan is explicitly written to update a header based on data from an outside source. If the 'update' functionality is not used the vulnerability does not occur. A patch is available at commit a1ca0268254374b515fa5992f01340f7717113fa.

Published: 2023-12-14 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-37457 is rated Moderate Risk (52.6/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.12%). EPSS rose +1.04% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-37457

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.07% 1.12% +1.04%
2 2026-03-02 0.05% 0.07% +0.03%
3 2026-01-16 — 0.05% —

Full EPSS history (12 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-37457

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]
8.2 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 4.2 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-37457

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-37457

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2023-37457: 1 source package rows (asterisk); 72 state rows across 7 repos (3.17-main, 3.18-main, 3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, edge-main); fixed 7, open 65. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2023-37457
debian not yet assigned CVE-2023-37457 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (asterisk), 2 status rows across 2 suites (bullseye, sid): resolved 2. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-37457
gentoo high CVE-2023-37457: 1 GLSA(s) (202412-03), 1 atom(s) (net-misc/asterisk); latest impact high. https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2023-37457
ubuntu medium CVE-2023-37457 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (asterisk), 12 status rows across 12 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, lunar, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 7, ignored 5. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-37457

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-37457

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
digium asterisk <= 18.20.0 cpe:2.3:a:digium:asterisk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
digium asterisk >= 19.0.0, <= 20.5.0 cpe:2.3:a:digium:asterisk:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
digium asterisk 21.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:digium:asterisk:21.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert1:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert1-rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert1-rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert1-rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert1-rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert2:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:cert3:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 13.13.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:13.13.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert1:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert10:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert11:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert12:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert2:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert3:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert4:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert5:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert6:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert7:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert8:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 16.8.0 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:16.8.0:cert9:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 18.9 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:18.9:cert1:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 18.9 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:18.9:cert2:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 18.9 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:18.9:cert3:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 18.9 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:18.9:cert4:*:*:*:*:*:*
sangoma certified_asterisk 18.9 cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:certified_asterisk:18.9:cert5:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-37457

cvelogic Threat Intelligence