CVE-2023-41038 | Server crash when using specific form of SET BIND statement

Firebird is a relational database. Versions 4.0.0 through 4.0.3 and version 5.0 beta1 are vulnerable to a server crash when a user uses a specific form of SET BIND statement. Any non-privileged user with minimum access to a server may type a statement with a long `CHAR` length, which causes the server to crash due to stack corruption. Versions 4.0.4.2981 and 5.0.0.117 contain fixes for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

Published: 2024-03-20 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-41038 is rated Moderate Risk (46.9/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.66%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-41038

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.06% 0.66% +0.60%
2 2025-11-21 0.34% 0.06% -0.28%
3 2025-11-18 — 0.34% —

Full EPSS history (10 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-41038

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-41038

OS Trackers for CVE-2023-41038

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2023-41038 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (firebird3.0), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2023-41038
suse medium CVE-2023-41038 severity moderate: SUSE including 11 source package names (firebird, firebird-classic, …), 13 product×package rows across 3 product lines (SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP5, SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5, SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP5): Known Not Affected 13. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-41038/
ubuntu medium CVE-2023-41038 medium priority: Ubuntu including 3 source packages (firebird2.5, firebird3.0, relational), 29 status rows across 11 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, mantic, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 16, DNE 7, ignored 6. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2023-41038

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-41038

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
firebirdsql firebird >= 4.0.0, <= 4.0.3 cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
firebirdsql firebird 5.0 cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:5.0:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-41038

cvelogic Threat Intelligence