CVE-2023-45584 [Medium] | Security Vulnerability in Fortios

A double free vulnerability [CWE-415] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.4.0, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.12, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiPAM 1.1 all versions, FortiPAM 1.0 all versions, FortiProxy 7.4.0 through 7.4.1, FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.7, FortiProxy 7.0.0 through 7.0.13 allows a privileged attacker to execute code or commands via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-05-08	0.17%	0.29%	+0.12%
2	2026-02-18	0.14%	0.17%	+0.02%
3	2026-01-20	—	0.14%	—

Date

Old EPSS score

New EPSS score

Delta (New - Old)

2026-05-08

0.17%

0.29%

+0.12%

2026-02-18

0.14%

0.17%

+0.02%

2026-01-20

—

0.14%

—

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
6.6	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:H) Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work. Privileges required (PR:H) They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	0.7	5.9	[email protected]
7.2	3.1	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:H) They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	1.2	5.9	[email protected]

Base score

Version

Severity

Vector

Exploitability

Impact

Score source

6.6

3.1

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H): Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:H): They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N): Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H): Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.

0.7

5.9

[email protected]

7.2

3.1

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H): They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N): Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H): Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.

1.2

5.9

[email protected]

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-45584

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
fortinet	fortios	>= 6.4.0, < 7.0.13	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.6	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios::::::::
fortinet	fortios	7.4.0	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.4.0:::::::*
fortinet	fortipam	>= 1.0.0, <= 1.1.2	cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortipam::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.14	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 7.2.0, < 7.2.8	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::
fortinet	fortiproxy	>= 7.4.0, < 7.4.2	cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy::::::::

References for CVE-2023-45584

URL	Tags
https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-23-209	Vendor Advisory

URL

CVE-2023-45584

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-45584

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-45584

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-45584

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-45584

References for CVE-2023-45584