CVE-2023-48788

Exp

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an sql command ('sql injection') in Fortinet FortiClientEMS version 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiClientEMS 7.0.1 through 7.0.10 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets.

Published: 2024-03-12 Last update: 2025-10-24 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2023-48788 is rated Critical Active Threat (100/100): CVSS Critical severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 98.53%, 100th percentile). CISA KEV confirms active exploitation (added 2024-03-25) affecting Fortinet / FortiClient EMS. SQL injection (CWE-89) Unauthenticated remote administrative access may be possible. EPSS rose +4.45% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. The CISA remediation deadline has passed—treat as an emergency patch priority.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

CISA KEV Record for CVE-2023-48788

Name: Fortinet FortiClient EMS SQL Injection Vulnerability · CISA KEV detail

Exploit added: 2024-03-25

Action due: 2024-04-15

Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2023-48788

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 94.08% 98.53% +4.45%
2 2026-06-05 94.04% 94.08% +0.04%
3 2026-05-28 — 94.04% —

Full EPSS history (45 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2023-48788

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2023-48788

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2023-48788

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
fortinet forticlient_enterprise_management_server >= 7.0.1, < 7.0.11 cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:forticlient_enterprise_management_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
fortinet forticlient_enterprise_management_server >= 7.2.0, < 7.2.3 cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:forticlient_enterprise_management_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2023-48788

cvelogic Threat Intelligence