CVE-2025-10537 | Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox ESR 140.3, Thunderbird ESR 140.3, Firefox 143 and Thunderbird 143

Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 140.2, Thunderbird ESR 140.2, Firefox 142 and Thunderbird 142. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 143, Firefox ESR 140.3, Thunderbird 143, and Thunderbird 140.3.

Published: 2025-09-16 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-10537 is rated Moderate Risk (43.1/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.31%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-10537

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.06% 0.31% +0.25%
2 2026-02-24 0.04% 0.06% +0.02%
3 2026-02-12 — 0.04% —

Full EPSS history (5 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-10537

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 5.9 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-10537

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-10537

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2025-10537: 3 source package rows (firefox, firefox-esr, thunderbird); 387 state rows across 2 repos (3.22-community, edge-community); fixed 0, open 387. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-10537
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-10537 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 3 source packages (firefox, firefox-esr, thunderbird), 11 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 11. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-10537
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-10537
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-10537 medium priority: Ubuntu including 9 source packages (firefox, mozjs102, …), 49 status rows across 7 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, plucky, questing, upstream): DNE 22, needs-triage 10, ignored 9, not-affected 7, released 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-10537

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-10537

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
mozilla firefox < 140.3.0 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*
mozilla firefox < 143.0 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*
mozilla thunderbird < 140.3.0 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*
mozilla thunderbird < 143.0 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-10537

cvelogic Threat Intelligence