CVE-2025-12819 | Untrusted search path in auth_query connection in PgBouncer

Untrusted search path in auth_query connection handler in PgBouncer before 1.25.1 allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary SQL during authentication via a malicious search_path parameter in the StartupMessage.

Published: 2025-12-03 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007 Source: f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-12819 is rated Low Risk (38.2/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.32%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-12819

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.17% 0.32% +0.15%
2 2026-05-02 0.13% 0.17% +0.04%
3 2026-05-01 — 0.13% —

Full EPSS history (7 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-12819

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.6 5.9 f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
8.1 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.2 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-12819

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-12819

vendor priority summary link
alpine high CVE-2025-12819: 1 source package rows (pgbouncer); 10 state rows across 3 repos (3.22-community, 3.23-community, edge-community); fixed 1, open 9. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-12819
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-12819 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (pgbouncer), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-12819
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-12819 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (pgbouncer), 8 status rows across 8 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, plucky, questing, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 6, ignored 1, released 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-12819

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-12819

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
pgbouncer pgbouncer < 1.25.1 cpe:2.3:a:pgbouncer:pgbouncer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-12819

cvelogic Threat Intelligence