CVE-2025-20154 | Cisco IOS, IOS XE and IOS XR Software TWAMP Denial of Service Vulnerability

A vulnerability in the Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol (TWAMP) server feature of Cisco IOS Software and Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the affected device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. For Cisco IOS XR Software, this vulnerability could cause the ipsla_ippm_server process to reload unexpectedly if debugs are enabled. This vulnerability is due to out-of-bounds array access when processing specially crafted TWAMP control packets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted TWAMP control packets to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition. Note: For Cisco IOS XR Software, only the ipsla_ippm_server process reloads unexpectedly and only when debugs are enabled. The vulnerability details for Cisco IOS XR Software are as follows:    Security Impact Rating (SIR): Low    CVSS Base Score: 3.7    CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Published: 2025-05-07 Last update: 2025-07-31 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-20154 is rated Moderate Risk (56.9/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.45%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-20154

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-03 0.16% 0.45% +0.29%
2 2025-12-28 0.14% 0.16% +0.02%
3 2025-12-27 — 0.14% —

Full EPSS history (9 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-20154

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.6 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.9 4.0 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-20154

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-20154

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
cisco ios <= 15.9\(3\)m11 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xe >= 16.6.1, <= 17.2.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.15 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.25 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.26 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.26:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.28 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.29 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.29:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.31 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.31:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.32 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.32:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.33 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.33:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.35 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.90 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.90:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.92 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.92:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.5.93 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.5.93:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.4 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.11 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.12 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.6.25 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.6.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.7.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.7.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.7.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.7.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.7.4 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.7.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.7.35 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.7.35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.8.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.8.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.9.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 6.9.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:6.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.0 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.11 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.12 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.14 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.0.90 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.0.90:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.1.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.1.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.1.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.1.15 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.1.25 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.1.25:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.2.0 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.2.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.2.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.2.12 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.4 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.5 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.6 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.15 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.16 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.3.27 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.3.27:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.4.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.4.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.4.15 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.4.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.4.16 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.4.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.5.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.5.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.5.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.5.4 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.5.5 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.5.12 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.5.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.6.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.6.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.6.3 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.6.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.6.15 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.6.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.7.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.7.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.7.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.7.21 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.7.21:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.8.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.8.2 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.8.22 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.8.23 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.8.23:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco ios_xr 7.9.1 cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios_xr:7.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-20154

cvelogic Threat Intelligence