CVE-2025-20278 | Cisco Unified Communications Products Command Injection Vulnerability

A vulnerability in the CLI of multiple Cisco Unified Communications products could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device as the root user. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of user-supplied command arguments. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by executing crafted commands on the CLI of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system of an affected device as the root user. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials.

Published: 2025-06-04 Last update: 2025-07-31 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-20278 is rated Low Risk (31.5/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.07%). Mandatory action: Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-20278

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-31 0.01% 0.07% +0.06%
2 2025-06-05 0.01%

Full EPSS history (2 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-20278

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.0 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
0.8 5.2 [email protected]
6.7 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:H)
They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
0.8 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-20278

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-20278

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es1 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es2 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es3 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es4 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es5 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es6 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es7 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es8 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es9 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 10.5\(1\)_es10 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:10.5\(1\)_es10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.0\(1\):es7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):es1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):es2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):es3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):es4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):es5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.5\(1\):es6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es10:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es11:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es8:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\):es9:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 11.6\(1\)_fips cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:11.6\(1\)_fips:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.0\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.0\(1\):es8:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):es8:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):su:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):su_es1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):su_es2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(1\):su_es3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.5\(2\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.5\(2\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es01:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es02:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es03:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es04:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es05:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es06:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es07:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es07_et:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es08:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es09:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es10:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(1\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(1\):es11:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(2\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(2\):-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(2\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(2\):es01:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(2\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(2\):es02:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(2\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(2\):es03:*:*:*:*:*:*
cisco finesse 12.6\(2\) cpe:2.3:a:cisco:finesse:12.6\(2\):es04:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-20278

cvelogic Threat Intelligence