CVE-2025-21431 | Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in Automotive OS Platform

Information disclosure may be there when a guest VM is connected.

Published: 2025-04-07 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-21431 is rated Low Risk (31.1/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.09%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-21431

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-16 0.01% 0.09% +0.08%
2 2025-04-07 — 0.01% —

Full EPSS history (2 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-21431

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 1.8 3.6 [email protected]
4.7 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 1.0 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-21431

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-21431

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
qualcomm qam8255p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8255p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8295p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8295p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8620p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8620p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8650p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8650p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8775p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8775p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qamsrv1h_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qamsrv1h_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qamsrv1m_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qamsrv1m_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6574a_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6574a_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6574au_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6574au_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6595_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6595_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6595au_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6595au_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6688aq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6688aq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6696_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6696_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6698aq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6698aq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa6145p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa6145p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa6150p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa6150p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa6155_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa6155_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa6155p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa6155p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa7255p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa7255p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa7775p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa7775p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8145p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8145p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8150p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8150p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8155_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8155_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8155p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8155p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8195p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8195p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8255p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8255p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8295p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8295p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8540p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8540p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8620p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8620p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8650p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8650p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8770p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8770p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa8775p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa8775p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sa9000p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sa9000p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm srv1h_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:srv1h_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm srv1l_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:srv1l_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm srv1m_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:srv1m_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-21431

cvelogic Threat Intelligence