CVE-2025-21481 | Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in HLOS

Memory corruption while performing private key encryption in trusted application.

Published: 2025-09-24 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-21481 is rated Low Risk (31.3/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.07%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-21481

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.01% 0.07% +0.06%
2 2025-09-25 — 0.01% —

Full EPSS history (2 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-21481

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-21481

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-21481

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
qualcomm 315_5g_iot_modem_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:315_5g_iot_modem_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm aqt1000_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:aqt1000_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm ar8031_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:ar8031_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm ar8035_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:ar8035_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm c-v2x_9150_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:c-v2x_9150_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm6250p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm6250p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm6370_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm6370_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm6650_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm6650_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm7250p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm7250p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm7315_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm7315_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm7325p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm7325p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm7635_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm7635_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm7675_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm7675_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm7675p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm7675p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm8635_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm8635_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm8635p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm8635p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm8650q_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm8650q_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm8735_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm8735_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm8750_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm8750_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm sm8750p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:sm8750p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm smart_audio_400_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:smart_audio_400_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_4_gen_1_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_4_gen_1_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_460_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_460_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_480_5g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_480_5g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_480\+_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm4350-ac\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_480\+_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm4350-ac\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_662_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_662_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_665_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_665_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_670_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_670_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_675_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_675_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_678_mobile_platform_\(sm6150-ac\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_678_mobile_platform_\(sm6150-ac\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_680_4g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_680_4g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_685_4g_mobile_platform_\(sm6225-ad\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_685_4g_mobile_platform_\(sm6225-ad\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_690_5g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_690_5g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_695_5g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_695_5g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_710_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_710_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_720g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_720g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_730_mobile_platform_\(sm7150-aa\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_730_mobile_platform_\(sm7150-aa\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_730g_mobile_platform_\(sm7150-ab\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_730g_mobile_platform_\(sm7150-ab\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_732g_mobile_platform_\(sm7150-ac\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_732g_mobile_platform_\(sm7150-ac\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_750g_5g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_750g_5g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_765_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7250-aa\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_765_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7250-aa\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_765g_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7250-ab\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_765g_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7250-ab\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_768g_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7250-ac\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_768g_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7250-ac\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_778g_5g_mobile_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_778g_5g_mobile_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm snapdragon_778g\+_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7325-ae\)_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:snapdragon_778g\+_5g_mobile_platform_\(sm7325-ae\)_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm csra6620_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:csra6620_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm csra6640_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:csra6640_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm fastconnect_6200_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:fastconnect_6200_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm fastconnect_6700_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:fastconnect_6700_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm fastconnect_6800_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:fastconnect_6800_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm fastconnect_6900_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:fastconnect_6900_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm fastconnect_7800_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:fastconnect_7800_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm flight_rb5_5g_platform_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:flight_rb5_5g_platform_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8255p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8255p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8295p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8295p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8620p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8620p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8650p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8650p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qam8775p_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qam8775p_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qamsrv1h_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qamsrv1h_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qamsrv1m_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qamsrv1m_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6174a_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6174a_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6391_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6391_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6420_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6420_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6421_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6421_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6426_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6426_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6430_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6430_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6431_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6431_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6436_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6436_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6574_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6574_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6574a_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6574a_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6574au_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6574au_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6584au_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6584au_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6595_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6595_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6595au_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6595au_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6678aq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6678aq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6688aq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6688aq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6696_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6696_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6698aq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6698aq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca6797aq_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca6797aq_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
qualcomm qca8081_firmware — cpe:2.3:o:qualcomm:qca8081_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-21481

cvelogic Threat Intelligence