CVE-2025-23078 | XSS in BreadCrumbs2

Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - Breadcrumbs2 extension allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects Mediawiki - Breadcrumbs2 extension: from 1.39.X before 1.39.11, from 1.41.X before 1.41.5, from 1.42.X before 1.42.4.

Published: 2025-01-10 Last update: 2026-04-15 Assigner: c4f26cc8-17ff-4c99-b5e2-38fc1793eacc Source: c4f26cc8-17ff-4c99-b5e2-38fc1793eacc
NVD Status：Deferred，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-23078 is rated Moderate Risk (40/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.18%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-23078

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-02-18 0.11% 0.18% +0.07%
2 2025-11-21 0.19% 0.11% -0.08%
3 2025-11-18 — 0.19% —

Full EPSS history (7 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-23078

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 2.5 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-23078

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-23078

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-23078

cvelogic Threat Intelligence