CVE-2025-24975 | Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External

Exp

Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.

Published: 2025-08-15 Last update: 2025-10-09 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-24975 is rated Exploit Available (56.5/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.47%). 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2025-24975

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-24975

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.39% 0.47% +0.08%
2 2026-06-11 0.05% 0.39% +0.34%
3 2025-08-23 — 0.05% —

Full EPSS history (4 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-24975

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.1 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
 1.6 5.5 [email protected]
8.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-24975

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-24975

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2025-24975 unimportant priority: Debian including 2 source packages (firebird3.0, firebird4.0), 8 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 8. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-24975
suse high CVE-2025-24975 severity important: SUSE including 11 source package names (firebird, firebird-doc, …), 29 product×package rows across 5 product lines (SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6, SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7, … (5 product lines)): Known Not Affected 29. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-24975/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-24975 medium priority: Ubuntu including 2 source packages (firebird3.0, firebird4.0), 12 status rows across 7 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, plucky, questing, upstream): needs-triage 6, DNE 2, ignored 2, not-affected 1, released 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-24975

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-24975

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
firebirdsql firebird >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.6 cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
firebirdsql firebird >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.2 cpe:2.3:a:firebirdsql:firebird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-24975

cvelogic Threat Intelligence